NARRATIVE TEXT

Jika anda sedang membuka akun fb dan ingin mengirim alamat posting ini kedinding anda, silahkan klik jempol dibawah:

Inti dari text bergenre NARRATIVE adalah cerita hiburan yang berisi berbagai permasalahan (crisis)  dan berujung pada penyelesaian masalah tersebut (resolution).  Cerita berbentuk narrative bisa berupa fiksi dan non fiksi.  Cerita berbentuk fiksi misalnya, legenda, fabel, cerita rakyat, dsb. Sedangkan cerita nonfiksi bisa berupa cerita kejadian nyata di masa lampau yang penuh dengan konflik/krisis sekaligus terdapat alur penyelesaiannya, misalnya saja cerita tentang orang-orang atau korban selamat dari terjangan tsunami yang melanda Aceh 2004 berikut cerita suka dukanya/konflik dan cara pemecahan masalah yang mereka hadapi.

Istilah-istilah penting yang perlu diketahui dalam Narrative Genre :

§  Specific/individual participant : Tokoh cerita bersifat spesifik atau khusus, yang mengacu pada satu atau beberapa individu dan tidak berlaku pada semua/general.

§  Material Process disebut juga dengan istilah “Action verb” yaitu kata kerja yang mengacu pada aksi atau tindakan dari si tokoh, misalnya : makan (eat/ate/eaten), tidur (sleep/slept), berenang (swim/swam/swum),dll.

§  Behavioral process disebut juga dengan istilah lain “Verbal process” atau “speaking verbs” misalnya, say, tell,speak, etc.

§  Relational Process disebut juga dengan istilah “Linking verb” (Kata kerja penghubung) yang berguna untuk menghubungkan subjek dengan pelengkap (sebagai Subject Complement). misalnya, to be (is,am,are,was,were) taste, look, seem, become, smell, consist of, derive from, function as, etc.

§  Mental Process disebut juga “Thinking verb” yaitu kata kerja yang berhubungan dengan persepsi panca indra atau persepsi batiniah, misalnya guess, think, feel, etc.

§  Temporal conjunction : Konjungsi/kata penghubung waktu yang menghubungkan kejadian satu dengan yang lain, misalnya firstly, then, next, afterthat, meanwhile, at that time, etc.

§  Temporal circumstance : Keterangan waktu, misalnya Once, once upon time, etc.

Narratives deal with problematic events which lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind (climax), which in turn finds a resolution. Example : Pourquoi tales (WHY), historical story, horror story, fable, fairy tales, myth, legend, and folktale.

Communicative Approach/social function/purpose :

§  To amuse or entertain the readers

§  To deal with actual/vicarious experience in different ways.

Generic Structure/Text structure organization

§   Orientation : sets of the scene/where or when or introduces who is the participant

§   Evaluation : a stepping back to evaluate the plight

§   Complication : what problem did character have?

§   Resolution : how was the problem solved?

§   Coda (optional) : attitude message to the readers.

Language features :

§   Focus on specific or individual participant.

§   Use of material process(Action Verbs)

§   Use of behavioral and verbal processes(Saying Verbs/Speaking Verbs)

§   Use of relational process and mental process(Thinking Verbs)

§   Use of past tense ( S + V2 )

§   Use of temporal conjunction(Time sequences/chronological order) and temporal circumstances (time conjunction/adverbial clause)

§   Direct and indirect speech

1.   TEXT MODELLING

                Read the following text carefully.

                                  Narrative of Grief and Escape   

Orientation

Generic Structure

Specific Participant

Language Features

           Kajanthini Selvrasa never imagined that on the very day she  planned to be married in Sri Lanka she would be dealing with two deaths, and then the news of her grieving mother and father might not be free to return with her to Canada, for they lost their pasports.

Past tense

          "You have two deaths in your family and this is how you are treated," the exhausted Selvrasa, who lost her aunt and grandmother, murmured in her family's home in Colombo.

MATERIAL PROCESS

            Selvrasa, 23, of Mississauga and her fiance, Benjamin 10 Yogarajah, 28, of North York, had travelled with her parents to Sri Lanka for their wedding on the 29th of December. Her parents, Sri Lankan nationals who have lived in Toronto as landed immigrants for more than a decade, lost all their identification when the waves hit 15 her grandmother's home.

         The Canadian high commission in Colombo told them they must reapply for the documents before they can come back.

             “ I know they have a lot to deal with,” Said Yogarajah to Selvrasa.

         “ Yeah…” replied the hopeless Selvrasa.

Complication

         Selvrasa’s grandmother, Rasanayagam Algaratnam, her aunt, Jeyarannee Puvipal, and  Puvipal's husband and their three children were inside Algaratnam’s house when the surging water advanced on the home.

Temporal circumstance

         Puvipal’s husband scooped up one of their three children and ran, while a neighbour carried a second to safety. But, a 9-year-old boy remained with Algaratnam and Puvipal, who were searching for the family's passports when the water reached them. The boy was pushed by the water's force to the ceiling, where he clung, frightened and bleeding, as the women were engulfed.

Resolution

          Their bodies were recovered, but only after thieves had stripped Puvipal's battered body of her wedding jewellery.

                                                                  (Adapted from http://iuww.thestar.com)

2.   JOINT CONSTRUCTION OF TEXT

1.        Read the following text carefully.

Here is the story. Once upon a time there lived as neighbors, a bear and a rabbit. The rabbit was a good shot, and the bear being very clumsy could not use the arrow to good advantage. The bear was very unkind to the rabbit. Every morning, the bear would call over to the rabbit and asked the rabbit to take his bow and arrows and came with the bear to the other side of the hill. The rabbit, fearing to arouse the bear's anger by refusing, consented, and went with the bear, and shot enough buffalo to satisfy the hungry family. Indeed, he shot and killed so many that there was lots of meat left after the bear and his family had loaded themselves, and packed all they could carry home. The bear was very gluttonous, and did not want the rabbit to get any of the meat so the poor rabbit could not even taste the blood from the butchering, as the bear would throw earth on the blood and dry it up. Poor Rabbit would have to go home hungry after his hard day's work.

The bear was the father of five children. The youngest boy was very kind to the rabbit. The mother bear, knowing that her youngest was a very hearty eater, always gave him an extra large piece of meat. What the baby bear did not eat, he would take outside with him and pretend to play ball with it, kicking it toward the rabbit's house, and when he got close to the door he would give the meat such a great kick, that it would fly into the rabbit's house, and in this way poor Rabbit would get his meal unknown to the papa bear.

2.    Find some evidences to support that the bear was an unkind friend!

3.    Who was very kind to the rabbit? What did he do?

4.   Now, read this story carefully to find out the text organization. Then discuss with your friends in your group to write the parts of generic structure of the narrative :

        a. Orientation               : _____________________________________________________________

        b. Complication           : _____________________________________________________________

        c.  Resolution               :

Sumber: http://nurmanali.blogspot.com/